The following are a few referances that pertain to the Zone diet plan and nutrition plans in general. More specific references and other information may be obtained by calling the author of "Enter The Zone", Barry Sears. He can be reached at 1-800-345-2703.
Or click here to view more referances on Dr. Sears' web site:
Dr. Sears' References
>>Muojo DM, Leddy JJ. Horvath PJ' Awad AB, and Pendergast DR. "Effect of dietary fat on metabolic adjustments to maximal V02 and endurance in runners." Med. sci. Sports Exerc. 26: 8148 (1994)V
>>Phinney SD, Bistrian BR, Evans WI, CervinoE, and Blackburn CL. "The human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction." Metabolism 32: 769-776 (1983)
>>Sherman WM, Doyle JA, Lamb DR, and Strauss RH. "Dietary carbohydrate, muscle glycogen and excercise performance during 7d of training," Amer. 3. Clin. Nutr. 57: 21-31 (1993)
Gaitanos C, Williams C, Boobis LH, and Brooks S. "Human muscle metabolism during intermittent maximal exercise." J Appi Physiol 75; 712-7l9 (1993)
Lamb DR, Rinehardt Kr, Bartels RL, Sherman WM, and Snook JT. "Dietary carbohydrate and intensity of interval swim training." Am. 3. Clin. Nutr. 52: 10584063 (1990)
Muojo DM, Leddy JJ. Horvath PJ' Awad AB, and Pendergast DR. "Effect of dietary fat on metabolic adjustments to maximal V02 and endurance in runners." Med. sci. Sports Exerc. 26: 8148 (1994)V
Phinney SD, Bistrian BR, Evans WI, CervinoE, and Blackburn CL. "The human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction." Metabolism 32: 769-776 (1983)
Sherman WM, Doyle JA, Lamb DR, and Strauss RH. "Dietary carbohydrate, muscle glycogen and excercise performance during 7d of training," Amer. 3. Clin. Nutr. 57: 21-31 (1993)
>>Sinzinger H and Rogatti W (eds.) Prostaglandin El in Atherosclerosis". Spinger-Verlag. New York, NY. (1986)
>>Black HR. "The coronary artery disease paradox. The role of hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance and implications for therapy." J. Cardiovascular Pharmacol. 15: 26S-38S (1990)
>>Farquhar JW, Frank A, Gross RC, and Reaven CM. "Glucose, insulin, and triglyceride responses to high and low carbohydrate diets in man." J. Clin. Invest. 45 1648-1656 (1966)
>>Garg A, Crudy SM, and Unger RH. "Comparison of effects of high and low carbohydrate diets on plasma lipoproteins and insulin senisivity in patients with mild NIDDM." Diabetes 41:1278-1285 (1992)
Laurier D, Cuiguet M, chan NP, Wells JA, and Valleron AJ. "Prevalence of obesity: a comparative survey in France, the United Kingdom1 and the United States." Int. J. Obesity 16: 565-572 (1992)
Hannon EM, and Lohman TC. "The energy cost of overweight in the United States." American J. Public Health 68: 765-767 (1978)
Kaczmarski RJ, flegal KM, Comptede SM, Johnson CL. "Increasing prevalence of overweight among U. S. Adults." JAMA 272: 205-239 (1994)
Accordingly, the 2nd National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1983), published data on food consumption in the US. The number one foods are White bread, rolls, and crackers, #2 doughnuts, cookis and cake.
The newest NHANES III report shows a reduction in fat intake and an increase in obesity.
Hawley JA and Hopkins WG. Aerobic glycolytic and aerobic lipolytic power systems: A new paradigm with implications for endurance and ultra-endurance events. Sports Med. 1995, 19(4):240-250.
Kronfield DS, Ferrante PL and Grandjean D. Optimal nutrition for athletic performance, with emphasis on fat adaptation in dogs and horses. J Nutr. 1994, 124(S):2745-2753.
Sherman WM and Leenders N. Fat loading: the next magic bullet? Int J Sports Nutr. 1995, 5(S):S1-S12.
Some papers on the issues of dietary adaptation, metabolism and performance:
Jones NL, Heigenhauser GJF, Kuksis A, Matsos CG, Sutton JR and Toews CJ. Fat metabolism in heavy exercise. Clin Sci. 1980, 59:469-478.
Callow M, Mortin A and Guppy M. Marathon fatigue: the role of plasma fatty acids, muscle glycogen and blood glucose. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1986, 55:654-661.
Fuerst ML. "Fat loading" improved endurance performance. Phys and Sportsmed. 1982, 10(10):28-29.
Lambert EV et al. Enhanced endurance in trained cyclists during moderate intensity exercise following 2 weeks adaptation to a high fat diet. Eur J Appl Physiol 1994, 69:287-293.
Muoio DM, Leddy JL, Hovath PJ, et al. Effect of dietary fat on metabolic adjustments to maximal VO2 and endurance in runners. Med. Sci Sports Exerc 1994, 26: 81-8.
Sherman WM, Costill DL, Fink WJ and Miller JM. Effects of exercise-diet manipulation on muscle glycogen and its subsequent utiliation during performance. Int J Sports Med. 1981, 2:1-15.
Simonsen JC, Sherman WM, Lamb DR, Dernbach AR, Doyle JA and Strass R. Dietary carbohydrate, muscle glycogen and power output during rowing training. J Appl Physiol. 1991, 70(4):1500-1505.
Simi B, Sempore B, Mayet M-H and Favier RJ. Additive effects of training and high-fat diet on energy metabolism during exercise. J Appl Physiol. 1991, 71(1):197-203.
Van Zyl C et al. Effect of a low carbohydrate, low fat diet on endurance cycling performance (Abstract). In: Conference abstracts of the ninth international conference of the biochemistry of exercise. 1994: 32-33
Jansson E and Kaijser L. Effect of diet on the utilization of blood-bourne and intramuscular substrates during exercise in man. Acta Physiol Scand 1982, 115: 19-30.
Phinney SD, Bistrian BR, Wolfe RR and Blackburn GL. The human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction: physical and biochemical adaptation. Metabolism. 1983a, 32(8):757-768.
Phinney SD, Bistrian BR, Evans WJ, Gervino E and Blackburn GL. The human metabolic response to chronic ketosis without caloric restriction: preservation of substrate exercise capability with reduced carbohydrate oxidation. Metabolism, 1983b, 32(8):769-776.
Millar WC, Bryce GR and Conlee RK. Adaptations to a high-fat diet that increase exercise endurance in male rats. J Appl Physiol. 1984, 56(1):78-83.
Conlee RK, Hammer RL, Winder WW, Bracken ML, Nelson AG and Barnett DW. Glycogen repletion and exercise endurance in rats adapted to a high fat diet. Metabolism. 1990, 39(3): 289-294.
Mole PA, Oscai LB, Holloszy JO. Adaptation of muscle to exercise. Increase in levels of palmityl transferase and palmityl CoA dehydrogenase and the capacity to oxidise fatty acids. J Clin Invest. 1971, 50: 2323-2330.
Kiens B, Essen-Gustavsson B, Gad P and Lithell H. Lipoprotein lipase activity and intramuscular triglyceride stores after long term high fat and high carbohydrate diets in physically trained men. Clin Physiol.1987, 7:1-9.
Reynolds AJ, Fuhrer L, Dunlap HL, Finke M and Kallfelz FA. Effect of diet and training on muscle glycogen storage and utilization in sled dogs. J Appl Physiol. 1995, 79(5): 1601-1607.