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Opening a window on evolution and extinction Trilobites, they're extinct, right? What's so interesting about something dead and gone? Sure, 'beauty is in the eye of the beholder' and all that, but stay a spell; consider what these ancient arthropods have to show and tell. These primitive invertebrates came on the world scene along with the earliest fossil remains of life on earth. The end of their more than three hundred million years existence was swamped during the enormous cataclysm that zapped so many life forms at the end of the Paleozoic Era. During that long life-span trilobites populated the world's oceans from the deepest seas to the shallowest coast lines. As a consequence their captivating imprints are to be found on all the continents wherever rocks from that time have come to the surface. The general outline made up of three lobes with
a head or cephalon, a body or thorax, and a tail or pygidium is
characteristic of all trilobites. On this basic model the critter
developed a staggering variety or permutations and combinations.
Some were blind, some had outlandish dragonfly-like eyes, some were
floaters, others were designed for a half-buried lifestyle. Some
tails were bitsy, others sizable shields; the largest were a yard long,
the smallest barely showed up a flea. You can speculate on the
variety of their diets. That they were also a feast for lurking
predators is a sure thing. I have one that looks like something
took a bite out of its pygidium.
Collecting on a Tremadocian outcropping.My own knowledge of the history of life on earth was enriched by collecting Devonian trilobites from the highlands of Bolivia. Many varieties are found only in the southern hemisphere from a time when that part of the world's seas was isolated from continental shelves in the north. Furthermore, the regression and return of sea levels due to changes in the world climatic conditions displaced or extinguished some family members, making it possible for other trilobite forms to evolve and occupy the new ecological niches. Six specific periods are recognized and listed by their principle or index trilobites: Andinacaste legrandi, Bainella insolita, Kozlowskiaspis superna, Francovichia branisi, Wolfartaspis cornutus, Eldregeia venustus, and Dipleura boliviensis. This adds up to another insight from trilobite history: their evolution and extinction events are important clues to the story of life on our planet. |
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