INDIAN PRESENTS AND TRADE
GOODS
(Information compiled from Gary E. Moulton,
ed. The Journals of the Lewis and Clark Expedition. Lincoln: University
of Nebraska Press 1983-2000, and Donald Jackson, ed. Letters of
the Lewis and Clark Expedition, with Related Documents, 1783-1854.
Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1962).
Clothing.
| Public Store |
15 blankets (blue and scarlet) |
| John & Charles Wister
(143 High Street, Philadelphia) |
-1 pc. Scarlet cloth No.
1518 |
| |
22 yards
the following were listed as equal to 1 piece scarlet:
-20 Scarlet legins
-1 remnant scarlet -3 britch clouts scarlet
-3 blankets scarlet |
| |
-5 doz & 6 fancy handkerchiefs
(or fancy floss) |
| |
-3 gro. Br.
Binding |
| |
-3 Gro. Scarlet Binding |
| Christian and Thomas Denchla
(68 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia) |
-2 doz. Red Strip'd Tapes |
| |
-72 Pc. Strip'd Silk Ribbon |
| |
-3 1/2 Doz.
Tinzel Taizels (hat bands) |
| |
-1 D. Thread |
| Purchased from unknown vendors |
-11 hats, 6 circle feathers
and 5 soldier's plumes |
| |
-20 scarlet leggins |
| |
-2 breech clouts scarlet |
| |
-20 prs. leggins (blue) |
| |
-45 breech clouts (blue)
|
| |
-12 rolls gartering |
| |
-2 doz: dutch tape |
| |
-12 rolls of narrow ribbon |
| |
Handkerchiefs
-bandano, Romall, pocket, silk, cotton
- "red silk handkerchief"
- "12 pieces of East India muslin Hanckerchiefs striped/check'd
w/ brilliant Colors - Lewis' list of requirements |
| |
-10 lb thread |
| |
-40 skeins of silk |
| |
-2 lbs colored thread |
| |
-1/4 lb. nuns thread (linen
thread used in lace making) |
| |
- colored thread |
| |
-18 white shirts |
| |
-15 Chiefs coats |
| |
|
Tools, &c.
| Harvey & Worth (62
North Front Street, Philadelphia) |
- 14 Knitting Pins |
| |
Needles
- Millinery, Glovers, Yarn, Tabling, Old Work, White Chapel,
Packing, Collar
-12 Groce Needles Assorted No.1-8 Common Points - Lewis' list
-12 Groce Needles Assorted w/ points for sewing leather -
Lewis' list |
| |
Fish hooks
- various sizes (12 7/6, 11 8/9, 9 15/ , 8 18/9, 6 40/ ) |
| |
12 Doz. Scissors
-5109, 67, 8853
-large and small |
| |
- 6 lb. 8d Cut Brads (nails)
|
| |
- 4 lb. 10d Cut Brads
(nails) |
| |
- 8 groce of seat awls |
| |
11 Doz. Knives
- "288 Knives Small such as are generally used for the
Indian Trade, with fix'd blades & handles inlaid with
Brass"- [Lewis' list of req's] |
| |
22 Files
- flat files = 6 5/7 in. 6/3,
12 in.,
- 6 handsaw files
|
| Benjamin Harberson &
Sons, coppersmiths (75 High Street, Philadelphia) |
8 Brass Kettles
- "1 nest of 8 or 9 copper kettles"-Lewis' list
of req's
- 4/per lb. |
| Edward Shoemaker &
Co., hardware (127 High Street, Philadelphia) |
- 2 Corn mills |
| |
3 doz. scissors
- large & small |
| Christian & Thomas
Denchla (68 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia) |
- 1 Doz. Needle or Pin
Cases |
| John and Charles Wister
(143 High Street, Philadelphia) |
4 dzn. Butcher Knives
- regular, bone handle, stag handle |
| Purchased from unknown
vendors |
- 3 Doz. Razors |
| |
- 24 squaw axes |
| |
- 55 fish spears or giggs |
| |
- 5 large canoe awls |
Jewelry
| Harvey & Worth (62 North
Front Street, Philadelphia) |
- 2 lbs. brass wire no 20 |
| |
- 5 lbs brass wire no 21
4/10 & 23 5/ |
| |
- 1 Gro. Iron Combs |
| |
- 2 Gro. Curtain Rings 263
|
| |
1 Gro Curtain Rings ea.
3/6 & 4/
- "2 Groces brass curtain rings & sufficiently large
for the finger"- Lewis's list |
| |
- 1 Gro. Brass Thimbles |
| |
- 1 Gro. Taylors Thimbles
(steel) |
| Ben Harberson & Sons,
coppersmiths (75 High Street, Philadelphia) |
- 48 Pieces Brass 12 @ 4/3 |
| John and Charles Wister
(143 High Street, Philadelphia) |
- 2 Card Beads (necklaces) |
| Christian & Thomas Denkla
(68 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia) |
- 2 Nonsopretty |
| |
- 3 Dzn. Beads |
| |
- 6 Paper small bells (hawk
bells) |
| |
- 1 box with 100 larger
bells (hawk bells) |
| |
- 6 bunches Red mock Garnet |
| |
beads
- brown, yellow, white, blue, red |
| |
- 2 3/4 D. Lockets |
| |
2D. earrings
-silver, white metal |
| Samuel Williamson, gold/silversmith
(118 South Front Street, Philadelphia) |
- 500 broaches (silver) |
| |
- 72 rings (silver) |
| Chouteau, St. Louis |
- hairpipes |
| Purchased from unknown vendors |
- 8 Silver moons |
| |
- 12 wampum moons |
| |
- 24 hairpipes wampum |
| |
- 12 silver arm bands -
"at war office" - Lewis' list of reqs |
| |
- 12 silver wrist bands
- "at war office"- Lewis' list of reqs |
| |
- 8 Ivory combs |
| |
- 3 cards fine bead necklaces |
| |
- glass ear bobs |
| |
- glass bracelets |
| |
- collars of guilt wire |
| |
- collars of brass wire
quill size |
| |
gorgets
- tin, wampum shell |
| |
- brass armbands |
| |
- blue wampum |
| |
- white wampum |
Misc.
| Thomas Leiper, tobacconist
(274 Market Street, Philadelphia) |
130 rolls of pigtail tobacco
(63 lbs.) |
| |
keg |
| Christian and Thomas Denchla
(68 North 3rd Street, Philadelphia) |
12 doz. Looking glasses |
| |
8 burning glasses |
| |
15 Dutch pewter looking
glasses |
| Samuel Wetherill & Son,
druggist & paints (65 North Front St., Philadelphia) |
2 lbs. Vermillion |
| |
8 lbs. red lead |
| Purchased from unknown vendors |
12 doz. fire steels |
| |
10 lbs. of verdigrease |
| |
176 carrots tobacco, about
500 in 9 bales |
| |
jews harps |
| |
20 gallons whiskey for Indians |
| |
earthen jar glazed |
Medals
|
3 large Jefferson Medals
- Silver
- 105 mm in diameter
Obverse contains:
- Inscription around the rim reads:
"TH. JEFFERSON PRESIDENT OF THE U.S. A.D. 1801"
Reverse contains:
-inscription reads:
"PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP"
-obverse and reverse were struck separately and bound by
a silver rim to form a hollow medal or shell
|
|
13 2nd size Jefferson
Medals
-Silver
-75 to 76 mm in diameter
|
16 3rd size Jefferson
Medals
-Silver
-55 mm in diameter |
|
55 4th size Washington Season
Medals
-Silver
-45 to 48 mm in diameter
-three designs on obverse with the letters "U.S.A."
below
1) man sowing wheat
2) domestic animals
3) woman spinning & weaving
"SECOND PRESIDENCY OF GEO. WASHINGTON MDCCXCVI"
surrounded by a wreath of oak and olive leaves on the reverse
 The
obverse of a "season medal" made during the administration
of George Washington. Lewis and Clark brought 55 of these
medals to give out to "lesser chiefs" during the
expedition. The top-ranking chiefs received Jefferson Peace
Medals.
The reverse of a "season medal."
No medals were struck during the administration of John
Adams, although the "Washington Season Medals,"
made in Great Britain during George Washington's second
term, continued in use. Designed by the renowned American
artist John Trumbull, they depict cattle raising, the sowing
of wheat, and a woman spinning. These
themes expressed in visual terms the recurring desire of
the United States Government to "civilize" and
"educate" Native Americans, absorbing them into
the European-style culture which had evolved in the United
States. The medals, struck in both silver and copper, were
not popular; Native American Chiefs did not recognize the
validity of a medal which did not bear the likeness of the
President of the United States.
|
4 5th size medals or American -Dollar
Coins
-Silver
-39-40 mm in diameter
-issued from 1798-1804
-bust of woman on obverse with 13 stars separated by "Liberty" |
Flags
-approximately 25 or 26 flags were given
out to American Indians, as listed in the journals
|
