| Name | Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata) |
| Type | Hardwood. |
| Other Names | Also known as Bahia wood, Braziletto, para wood, pernambuco wood, and Brazilian ironwood. |
| Sources | Grows in eastern Brazil. |
| Appearance | Straight to irregular grain with fine, even texture and a natural luster. Nearly white sapwood and bright orange heartwood that matures to a deep red. |
| Physical Props | Very hard and heavy with exceptional shock resistance, stiffness, bending strength, and compression strength. Not suitable for steam bending. Highly resistant to decay and very stable in service. |
| Working Props | Sometimes difficult to work due to hardness - blunting effect on cutting edges. Pre-drilling required for nailing and screwing. Glues easily and can be brought to a very smooth, lustrous finish. |
| Uses | One of the finest woods for violin bows. Also prized for turnery, gun butts and rifle stocks, parquet flooring, exterior joinery, and decorative veneers. |
| Name | Yellow Buckeye (Aesculus octandra) |
| Type | Hardwood. |
| Other Names | Also known as buckeye. |
| Sources | Grows in eastern to central United States. |
| Appearance | Generally straight grained with an even texture. Creamy or yellowish white heartwood and white sapwood. |
| Physical Props | Light, soft, weak, and low in shock resistance and decay resistance. |
| Working Props | Easily worked by hand tools but machines only fairly. |
| Uses | Applications similar to those of aspen, basswood, and yellow-poplar which include furniture, boxes, crates, food containers, drawing boards, plaques, trunks, casks, miscellaneous woodenware, and novelties. |
| Comments | Often sold with other woods. |
| Name | Butternut (Juglans cinerea) |
| Type | Hardwood. |
| Other Names | Also known as white walnut, oilnut, tropical walnut, nogal blanco, and tocte. |
| Sources | Grows in United States and Canada. |
| Appearance | Straight grained and coarse-textured with a satiny luster. Light brown heartwood with occasional darker streaks and nearly white sapwood. |
| Physical Props | Soft, moderately light, with low strength, stiffness, shock resistance and decay resistance. Quite stable in service. |
| Working Props | Works well with machine or hand tools but softness necessitates sharp cutting edges. Screws, nails, glues, stains, and finishes quite well. |
| Uses | An excellent carving wood, once highly valued for church altars. Used for furniture, cabinets, paneling, interior trim, veneer, boat building, boxes and crates, instrument cases, trunks, and millwork. |
| Comments | Resembles black walnut when stained but lacks its strength or stiffness. |