Ed Moorman's	INVERTED FLYING	TEACH YOURSELF MANEUVER CARD
PLANES FOR FLYING INVERTED
1.BEST OVERALL FOR INVERTED FLIGHT: Any LOW WING AEROBATIC PLANE. These planes will fly inverted with ease
2.BEST TO START WITH: The best plane to start flying inverted with is a "STICK" TYPE PLANE, such as the Big Stick, Sweet Stick, Ugly Stick, Tiger Stick, Aerosport, etc., with a SYMMETRICAL AIRFOIL, (or nearly symmetrical), and little, or NO DIHEDRAL
3.HARD TO FLY INVERTED: HIGH WING PLANES with FLAT BOTTOM AIRFOILS and a lot of DIHEDRAL are more difficult to fly inverted. These trainer and scale type aircraft were designed to be stable and inherently resist flying anyway but upright, straight & level. They may require close to full down elevator to hold level inverted, and will tend to roll out and get back upright.
4.HARDEST TO FLY INVERTED: 2 and 3 channel rudder only planes & sailplanes
CONTROLS IN INVERTED FLIGHT
1.ELEVATOR IS REVERSED when you are inverted. Up is down, down is up.
2.RUDDER IS REVERSED, also! (Lay your plane upside down in a cradle & try it.)
3.AILERON IS NORMAL when you are inverted. Steering the plane is the same upright or inverted
4. When a plane with dihedral is inverted, the dihedral acts as anhedral. A plane that tends to roll out of banks by itself, may now try to INCREASE THE BANK BY ITSELF. Watch for this in inverted turns
5. Generally, given equal elevator movement, high wing & "Stick" type planes with stabilizers mounted low on the fuselage are MORE SENSITIVE IN THE DOWN DIRECTION. Low wing planes are more sensitive in the UP direction. This can affect the amount of control input you need and tends to make you over control elevator.
6. Check your controls, you may have less down elevator movement than up. If so, you might not have enough to hold level flight inverted on some planes.
7. Since your plane is trimmed for upright flight, you will normally have to use some amount of down elevator to hold level flight inverted. This will vary from plane to plane.
THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INVERTED FLIGHT
1. You will have to overcome the psychological barrier to the use of down elevator. Down is perceived as "bad" when you are a novice flier because it "crashes" your plane, while the good "up" elevator control "saves" your plane.
2. Everyone trying to learn to fly inverted is reluctant, at first, to use enough down to make an inverted turn. What you don't realize is that you use nearly full up to make a fairly steep upright turn. You will more than likely have to use nearly full down when you make steep banked inverted turns.
3. Nearly everyone watches the "high" wing of their plane in a bank. We use this "picture" to set the bank angle. For a plane with dihedral in upright turn, this sighting in on the high wing puts the bank angle a little lower than we think it is. Conversely, in an inverted turn, the sighting in on the higher wing makes the bank angle HIGHER that we think it is. This, coupled with the reluctance to use down control, tends to cause people learning to fly inverted to get in a downward spiral. Be aware and be prepared to bail out and recover to upright flight.

THE "BAIL-OUT" MANEUVER

FULL UP ELEVATOR until plane does a half loop around to upright flight. 

·You must not be low or using full up will cause your plane to crash.

·The "Bail Out" is really an unplanned Split-S maneuver.

FLYING INVERTED

1. STANDARD SETUP: Either Direction, but TWO MISTAKES HIGH.

2. RAISE NOSE about 20 degrees & release elevator. We want the nose high to start with since it drops as we roll over and we don't want to start flying inverted in a dive.

3. ROLL INVERTED & release aileron. Start before you pass in front of yourself to give some time before recovering.

4. DOWN ELEVATOR to hold level flight. Hold until past your position.

5. ROLL UPRIGHT or use UP elevator to "Split-S" out.

6. Practice until you get the feel for the right amount of down elevator, you can maintain level flight inverted fairly well and you can roll back to upright flight. When you can do this, go to inverted turns.

INVERTED TURNS

·REMEMBER: While inverted, the ELEVATOR IS REVERSED, but THE AILERONS ARE THE SAME AS UPRIGHT FLIGHT.

1. STANDARD SETUP: TWO MISTAKES HIGH.

2. ROLL INVERTED, holding a down elevator to stay level.

3. Roll into a shallow to MEDIUM BANK and use down to hold level in turn.

·In upright flight, you have the plane trimmed for level, so you can roll into a bank with the elevator neutral. In inverted (unless you have retrimmed!), you are holding some down elevator to stay level and you must continue to hold this down while rolling in.

·EXPECT TO USE A LOT OF DOWN. You are adding down for the turn to the down that you were already holding for inverted level flight. Don't be timid, the plane should be high enough to "bail out" of any position you get the airplane into, so put in some down.

·EXPECT TO OVER BANK. Remember what I said about the visual cues and dihedral.

·If you get into a DOWNWARD SPIRAL, you have a combination of too much bank and too little down. Bail out & try again.

·An upward spiral is caused by too little bank and too much down.

4. To roll out, release most, but not all, of the down elevator, and use opposite aileron. Remember, you have to hold some down to stay level inverted, so you can't release all of the down when you roll out.

5. Stay 2 mistakes high until you are comfortable.

INVERTED SUMMARY

1. STANDARD SETUP:TWO MISTAKES HIGH.

2. RAISE NOSE BEFORE ROLLING INVERTED.

3. PRACTICE FLYING STRAIGHT INVERTED FIRST. Roll in, fly, roll out.

4. IT TAKES A LOT OF DOWN FOR AN INVERTED TURN.

5. WATCH OUT FOR OVER BANKING.

6. ELEVATOR IS REVERSED INVERTED, BUT AILERONS WORK THE SAME.