Section 4.1.

(1) The judicial power of the Federation of American States shall be vested in one Supreme Court, which shall consist of one Chief Justice and four Associate Justices and in such Federal Courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The Judiciary shall not presume to exercise nonjudicial power.

(2) Only a natural-born Citizen, a naturalized Citizen of twenty or more years, a Citizen thereof at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, or a Citizen thereof born in the United States prior to the adoption of this Constitution shall be appointed as a Justice or Judge provided that they are between thirty and sixty-nine years of age and been ten years a resident within the limits of the Federation, as they may exist at the time of their appointment.

(3) The Justices of the Supreme Court shall hold their offices during good behavior until seventy years of age. The Judges of the Federal Courts shall hold their offices during good behavior and one twelve-year term. If the age limit is reached before the normal expiration of their office they may hold their office till the normal expiration date.

(4) Term limited Federal Office holders or Federal Court Judges shall not be disqualified from being appointed as Supreme Court Justices. The Judges, both of the Supreme and Federal Courts shall, at stated times, receive for their services a compensation which shall not be diminished during their continuance in office.

(5) If the Supreme Court or any Federal Court loses a majority of their members in cases of terrorism, war, or other disaster then the President shall have the power to appoint new Judges as needed without the consent of the Senate for a period of ninety days. After ninety days the Senate may confirm or deny the appointments as provided for in this Constitution or extend the time period till the Judges are confirmed or denied.

(6) Before a Justice or Judge enters the execution of his office, he shall take the following oath or affirmation:
"I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will administer justice without respect to persons, and do equal right to the poor and to the rich, and that I will faithfully and impartially discharge and perform all the duties incumbent upon me as required under the Constitution and laws of the Federation of American States; and that I will support and defend the Constitution of the Federation of American States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; that I take this obligation freely, without any mental reservation or purpose of evasion; and that I will well and faithfully discharge the duties of the office on which I am about to enter."

Section 4.2.

(1) The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the Federation, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority; to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls; to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction; to controversies to which the Federation shall be a party; to controversies between two or more States; between a State and Citizens of another State, where the State is plaintiff; between Citizens of different States; between Citizens claiming lands under grants of different States; and between a State or the Citizens thereof, and foreign nations, citizens, or subjects; but no State shall be sued by a citizen or subject of any foreign nation.

(2) In all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, and those in which a State shall be a party, the Supreme Court shall have original jurisdiction. In all the other cases before mentioned, the Supreme Court shall have appellate jurisdiction both as to law and fact, with such exceptions and under such regulations as the Congress shall make.

(3) The trial of all crimes, except in cases of impeachment, shall be by jury, and such trial shall be held in the State, Territory, or other protectorates where the said crimes shall have been committed; but when not committed within any State, the trial shall be at such place or places as the Congress may, by law, have directed.

(4) In any case before the Supreme Court in which a State law is being contested the decision shall be decided by a three-quarters majority. All other cases shall be decided by majority decision.

(5) Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Federal Courts shall not have jurisdiction of a matter if the Supreme Court does not have jurisdiction to review that matter.

(6) The Supreme Court has the power to promulgate rules concerning the protection and enforcement of constitutional rights, pleading, practice, and procedure in all Courts, the admission to the practice of law, the bar, and legal assistance to the underprivileged. Such rules shall provide a simplified and inexpensive procedure for the speedy disposition of cases, shall be uniform for all Courts of the same grade, and shall not diminish, increase, or modify substantive rights.

Section 4.3.

(1) Treason against the Federation shall consist only in levying war or acts of terrorism against them, or in adhering to their enemies, giving them aid and comfort, or the deliberate release of state secrets. No person shall be convicted of treason unless on the testimony of two witnesses to the same overt act, or on confession in open Court.

(2) The Congress shall have power to declare the punishment of treason; but no attainder of treason shall work corruption of blood, or forfeiture, except during the life of the person attainted.

Section 4.4.

(1) The Constitution and its words shall be interpreted according to its original understanding and strict construction of as it can best be determined at the time it was enacted and the Supreme Court and all Federal Courts shall be limited to interpreting the law and to nullify any prohibition or unreasonable regulation of a rightful exercise of liberty and avoid any decision or action that a reasonable person would consider a change of the law as if it was done by a legislative action (which is reserved only to the Congress or a State Legislature) nor to alter national policy and laws or to infringe upon the rights of the sovereign States, except where either clearly contradicts this Constitution, and the burden to demonstrate this contradiction's existence is upon that particular Federal Court.

(2) In interpreting and applying this Constitution for the Federation, any Court shall not rely upon any foreign constitution, law, judicial decision; or international organization ruling, unless provided for by treaty, nor practice judicial activistism, ruling on social or cultural issues, or invoking other concepts of non-objective law, Sharia or other religious civil or criminal laws that displaces or supersedes natural, and British or American common law.

(3) Any judicial Officers of the Federation, bound by oath or affirmation to support this Constitution, who imply or infer rights or obligations, requirements, or restrictions, not expressly provided for by this Constitution, shall be remanded to the Congress for removal from office by impeachment.

(4) A stare decisis or "settled law" precedent does not bind a Court if it finds there was a lack of care in the original decision or per incuriam, that a statutory provision or precedent was not brought to the previous Court's attention before its decision, based on personal legal opinion rather than law, judicial error, an issue removed from Federal jurisdiction, politically based decisions, if the original decision violated the original intent of this Constitution, made moot in whole or part by later Articles of Amendment, or special justification to depart from settled law.

(5) The judiciary shall decide matters before them impartially, on the basis of facts and in accordance with the law, without any restrictions, improper influences, inducements, pressures, threats or interferences, direct or indirect, from any quarter or for any reason nor there shall not be any inappropriate or unwarranted interference with the judicial process.

(6) The principle of the independence of the judiciary entitles and requires the judiciary to ensure that judicial proceedings are conducted fairly and that the rights of the parties are respected and Judges shall always conduct themselves in such a manner as to preserve the dignity of their office and the impartiality and independence of the judiciary.

(7) The judiciary shall be bound by professional secrecy with regard to their deliberations and to confidential information acquired in the course of their duties other than in public proceedings, and shall not be compelled to testify on such matters.

Section 4.5.

The judicial power of the Federation shall not:

(1) Extend to any case or controversy arising on increasing, decreasing, mandating, or changes to appropriations and taxes that Congress or the States may decide except as may be specifically authorized by legislation.

(2) Override the will of the majority of the Citizens if their petition for redress of grievances, initiatives, or referendum does not violate either this or individual State Constitutions.

(3) Extend to regulate, control, or prohibit the educational, religious, and moral standards of local communities.

(4) Place limits on any political campaign financing or political speech on any method of communication.

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(5) Prohibit the lawful use of racial or other profiling for law enforcement, criminal, public safety, or national security purposes.

Section 4.6.

(1) The trial of all class action lawsuits, criminal or civil, that involves two or more States shall be argued in a Federal Court as the Congress may, by law, provide for.

(2) Any manufacturer, supplier, seller, or producer of any legal goods and services shall not be held liable without fault for the deliberate misuse of said good or service nor if used in a crime.

(3) If any Court of law finds that any lawsuit is frivolous or without any merit the complaint and his lawyers may be found liable for all Court and lawyer fees in whole or part.

(4) In any Federal Court the amount of punitive damages of any kind including pain and suffering, in cash or kind, shall not exceed ten times the cost of the actual damages and only if found to be caused by fraud or intentional or gross negligence by clear and convincing evidence.

(5) So that the perpetrators of crimes may meet with swift and certain retribution, any Courts' effort to protect them in their rights shall not be perverted into permitting any mere technicality to avert or delay their trial and possible punishment. Rules governing law enforcement shall be so designed as to protect individual rights without imposing a disproportionate loss of protection on society.